Social networks are not only tools for communication but also represent one of the key potentials in business and commerce. One of the most significant issues in this field is clustering nodes and extracting effective and useful patterns from them, known as community detection. A major challenge in community detection within social networks is the vast number of nodes, which makes any kind of analysis difficult. Another challenge is the overlap of cluster members, referred to as overlapping communities. In such networks, each node may belong to multiple groups. Considering overlaps between communities—especially in large-scale networks—poses significant challenges in accurately detecting and identifying communities. Therefore, many studies tend to overlook this issue. In this paper, an approach is proposed to address these challenges. The most time-consuming step in the proposed algorithm, identifying influential nodes, is performed in parallel. Moreover, overlaps between communities are taken into account and analyzed. The results of evaluating the proposed method, in comparison with other existing methods, indicate its superiority in terms of the uniformity of the detected communities.

Since the beginning of Constitutional Movement, many different societies and associations were founded in Tehran and other cities of Iran. Sa’adat Association was a national association founded in 1325 AH, in Mashhad, by some educated persons. This article describes the social, political and cultural activities of this association.

From the perspective of organizational -sociology, sociology of development and political sociology, voluntary associations are extremely important. Based on the specific social conditions of developing societies, the researchers distinguished three transition models. The general conditions of the Iranian society conform to the second model. So, considering the transition of the society, voluntary associations were grouped into five types: primary associations, religious associations, consensus-basealassociation, promotional association, and profit associations. Ceremonial through a qualitative research method, 180 voluntary support associations were selected and studied. In addition to the theoretical criteria, new indices were discovered throughout the research for categorization of associations in Iran, which reflect, in addition to the transitional conditions, the impacts of the economic and political sector on public sector and civil institutions.

A brief review on some peculiar properties of high temperature superconductors (HTS) is presented. Twenty years after the discovery, it appears more and more clear that the behaviour of this new class of materials is remarkably different from what have been re-classified as “conventional” superconductors. In the following we will focus our attention on the study of two phenomena, namely the Josephson effect and the Meissner effect, where the unconventional nature of superconductivity in HTS offers exciting perspectives both for the understanding of the underlying mechanism, so far still unknown, and for the large potential of applications in different areas of superconducting electronics.